Share Flipboard Email. Richard Nordquist. English and Rhetoric Professor. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. Updated October 04, Featured Video. Cite this Article Format. Nordquist, Richard. Connected Speech. Direct Speech Definition and Examples.
Definition and Examples of English Pronunciation. What Is a Syllable in the English Language? What Are Assemblage Errors in English? Top French Pronunciation Mistakes and Difficulties. Sound Symbolism in English: Definition and Examples. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for ThoughtCo. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page. If they do not their language will sound unnatural and over formalised, with too many stressed forms making it difficult for the listener to identify the points of focus.
This, the degree to which connected speech contributes towards "naturalness" or "intelligibility", is a useful starting point from which to measure the value to students of the different features of connected speech. Working on weak forms Here are some ways in which we can attempt to help our students with weak forms.
Conclusion Pronunciation work should be seen as an integral part of what goes on in the classroom. Try not to fall into the text book trap of dividing language up into isolated chunks. One lesson on grammar, the next on vocabulary, then pronunciation and so on. All language, like speech, is connected, and students will benefit from learning the weak forms and stress patterns of new words from the start, rather than in a remedial lesson months later.
Raising student's awareness of these forms, whenever they arise, is the first step towards helping your learners to speak a little more naturally. Even if they do not assimilate these forms at first, " Help Log in Sign up Newsletter. You are here Home » Knowing the subject » Articles. Average: 3. What connected speech is How this affects native and non-native speakers Aspects of connected speech Working on weak forms Conclusion What connected speech is "English people speak so fast" is a complaint I often hear from my students, and often from those at an advanced level, where ignorance of the vocabulary used is not the reason for their lack of comprehension.
Weak Forms There are a large number of words in English which can have a "full" form and a "weak" form. This is because English is a stressed timed language, and in trying to make the intervals between stressed syllables equal, to give the phrase rhythm, we tend to swallow non-essential words.
Thus, conjunctions, pronouns, prepositions, auxiliaries and articles are often lost, causing comprehension problems for students, particularly for those whose language is syllable timed.
Words and sounds are lost and linked together in different ways to enable us to articulate with minimal movement. This is one of the reasons learners find spoken discourse more difficult to understand than written discourse.
At higher levels it is often not a lack of vocabulary which prevents understanding, but lack of ability to deal with these features of connected speech.
Native speakers are more able to use top-down processing to decide whether what they have heard is red dye or red eye. Assimilation occurs when a phoneme sound in one word causes a change in a sound in a neighbouring word. For example, try saying the following pairs of words:. Have a look at these examples:.
In each case the last phoneme of the first word is elided lost. This pause before the plosive gives us the name of this feature, delayed plosion. Another example: the right tie delay — the right eye no delay Catenation In catenation the last consonant of the first word is joined to the vowel sound at the start of the second word.
For example:. Try saying the following pairs of words:. Written by Keith Taylor Keith is the founder of Eslbase. He has been an English teacher and teacher trainer for over 15 years. Well , I just want to say that I really greatful learning connected speech from you ,thank you so much.
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