It may also be caused by a bacterial infection, or by physical or chemical agents that are breathed in. These may include dusts, allergens, and strong fumes, including those from chemical cleaning compounds or tobacco smoke. Acute bronchitis may come after a common cold or other viral infections in the upper respiratory tract. It may also occur in people with chronic sinusitis, allergies, or those with enlarged tonsils and adenoids.
It can be serious in people with lung or heart diseases. Pneumonia is a complication that can follow bronchitis. The following are the most common symptoms of acute bronchitis. However, each person may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:. The symptoms of acute bronchitis may look like other conditions or medical problems. Talk with a healthcare provider for a diagnosis.
Healthcare providers can often diagnose acute bronchitis by taking a medical history and doing physical exam. Tests may be done to rule out other diseases, such as pneumonia or asthma. Any of these tests may be used to help confirm a diagnosis:. Acute bronchitis is usually mild and does not cause complications. The symptoms often resolve on their own and lung function goes back to normal.
In most cases, antibiotics are not needed to treat acute bronchitis. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses. If it has progressed to pneumonia, then antibiotics may be necessary. Acute bronchitis can worsen and progress to chronic bronchitis or pneumonia. If this happens, a different treatment may be necessary. Effect of point of care testing for C reactive protein and training in communication skills on antibiotic use in lower respiratory tract infections: cluster randomised trial.
Effect of dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, and placebo on nocturnal cough and sleep quality for coughing children and their parents. Use of codeine- and dextromethorphan-containing cough remedies in children. American Academy of Pediatrics.
Committee on Drugs. Parental misinterpretations of over-the-counter pediatric cough and cold medication labels. Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Beta2-agonists for acute bronchitis. McKean M, Ducharme F. Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood. Yale SH, Liu K. Echinacea purpurea therapy for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Arch Intern Med. Pelargonium sidoides extract for acute respiratory tract infections. Treatment of acute bronchitis in adults with a pelargonium sidoides preparation EPs : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Explore NY. Efficacy and safety of an extract of Pelargonium sidoides EPs in adults with acute bronchitis. A randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Effect of honey, dextromethorphan, and no treatment on nocturnal cough and sleep quality for coughing children and their parents.
Phillips TG, Hickner J. Calling acute bronchitis a chest cold may improve patient satisfaction with appropriate antibiotic use. J Am Board Fam Pract. Back-up antibiotic prescriptions for common respiratory symptoms. Patient satisfaction and fill rates. Reducing antibiotic use for acute bronchitis in primary care: blinded, randomised controlled trial of patient information leaflet. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference.
This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv aafp. Want to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions. Read the Issue. Sign Up Now. Previous: Chest Physiotherapy for Pneumonia in Adults. Dec 1, Issue. Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Bronchitis. Enlarge Print Table 1. Table 1. Enlarge Print Table 2.
Table 2. Enlarge Print Table 3. Table 3. Learn more about Acute Bronchitis and Chronic Bronchitis. We lead or sponsor many studies on bronchitis and airway diseases. See if you or someone you know is eligible to participate in our clinical trials. Learn more about participating in a clinical trial.
View all trials from ClinicalTrials. Bronchitis is a condition in which the airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. Do you have COPD? To participate in this study, you must be 52 years old or younger and must not be pregnant or have other serious lung diseases such as lung cancer.
This study will be conducted in Boston, Massachusetts. This study will be testing how well a medicine called ivacaftor that is used to treat cystic fibrosis works also to treat symptoms of chronic bronchitis.
New research suggests chronic bronchitis may be due to a problem similar to cystic fibrosis. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references What is bronchitis? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Accessed Jan. Goldman L, et al. Acute bronchitis and tracheitis. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. Philadelphia, Pa. Bronchitis chest cold. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Ferri FF. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Chronic cough. Rochester, Minn.
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